Effective Communication » barriers to effective communication

Barriers To Effective Communication-The Effective Communication Principle

admin — Wed, 09 Sep 2009 22:51:59 +0000

Here’s an article I came across on the Effective Communication principle. It was written by Jonathon Hardcastle. It looks at some of the things that may cause barriers to effective commmunication and by default effective business practises. Read and enjoy…

According to Peter Drucker in his article “The Transnational Economy” written back in 1987, “To maintain a leadership position in any one developed country, a business-whether large or small, increasingly has to attain and hold leadership positions in all developed markets worldwide. It has to be able to do research, to design, to develop, to engineer and to manufacture in any part of the developed world, and to export from any developed country to any other. It has to go transnational.” But is going international as simple as it sounds in this passage, or business leaders and executives need to consider another usually unforeseen barrier commonly referred to as “the effective communication principle?”

Companies in developed countries such as the United States must engage in international business transactions or lose an important competitive advantage. Such firms have not only found tremendous commercial opportunities a thousand or ten thousand miles from their plants, but they have also found cooperative partnerships because of a community of interest. Community of interest is in fact the common ground upon which a business relationship can be based and later flourish. If a firm in Japan, for example, finds an American company with expertise in marketing and handling its products in foreign markets, then a community of interest has been found and remains to be exploited to the advantage of both. But how is that possible and on which factors does it depend upon?

Although the answer is rather complex, undoubtedly one factor is that the worldwide level of technology has greatly advanced easing the process of communicating among people located in different countries. Their ability to share information almost instantly has turned the globe to resemble a village, and as a village its citizens can communicate with one another quickly and easily with the use of various technology-based methods. But then again how come and the message is not received in the manner intended when sent by the messenger? The answer is simple: worldwide we share the much of the same information and technology, but no the same culture. Our family, recreational, financial and other values are different, as these values spring from diverse experiences, expectations and habits. Even if the language used to communicate is the same, the cultural differences between states are evident and a message can be distorted or at least not understood as one intended.

Technological advances in the last 100 to 200 years have spread and been adopted and refined worldwide. But cultures based on thousands of years of development are slow to change. For many, they should not change, as these cultural differences among societies and nations give individual identity to each group. In fact, this persistence diversity in the thinking of human beings has made this world an exciting place to be in. But at the same time it has also created barriers that constitute a major challenge for communicators. Even with the advancement in the transition of information, when words and actions are not understood in the same way because of differences, communication can suffer. This is a key factor for people to remember when dealing with different cultures or employed in different countries from that of their origin. Verbal or nonverbal communication can have different meanings to different people and thus careful consideration and examination of the others’ environment can ensure a better delivery of a message and overall a much more successful communication process.

Jonathon Hardcastle
http://www.articlesbase.com/communication-articles/the-effective-communication-principle-66923.html

Michael Noone is The publisher of communication skills articles at the site http://www.topcommunicationskills.com

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please help if I get a 100% I will send you money?

admin — Mon, 21 Jun 2010 01:09:39 +0000

Graded Assignment
Test Part 2: Course Exam

Short Answer

1.List 5 benefits of physical activity and identify each benefit as either a physical, mental and emotional, or social benefit.

2.In one sentence explain the difference between an intentional and unintentional injury. Then list 2 examples of intentional injuries and 2 examples of unintentional injuries.

3.In one sentence explain the difference between barrier and hormonal contraceptive methods. Then list 2 examples of a barrier method and 2 examples of a hormonal method.

4.List 5 common advertising techniques.

Knowledge and Skill Application

1.Accessing Information
•List five reliable sources of health information (1 point each)

•List the five questions you should ask yourself when trying to determine if a source of health information is reliable and trustworthy. (2 points each)

Analyzing Influences
In three columns (as in the example below), answer the following questions:
•List and describe 3 external influences that may affect how a person feels about him/herself. Explain how each influence may affect how a person feels about him/herself. (3 points each)
•List and describe 2 internal influences that may affect how a person feels about him/herself. Explain how each influence may affect how a person feels about him/herself. (3 points each)

Example:
External InfluenceDescription of InfluenceExplanation of How the Influence Affects Feelings About Self

3.Decision-Making
You are away at a summer camp, and are meeting new people. One night a bunch of your new friends wake you up and ask if you want to sneak out to a private party. You want people to like you, so you go. BUT, when you arrive you realize that people are taking some sort of drug. This really isn’t your scene, so what do you do?
•Use the five decision-making steps to explain how you would make your decision. (15 points)

4.Goal Setting
Let’s assume for a few moments that you are not what we would call a "healthy" eater. You don’t think about how the food you eat can affect you and your health. One of your worst habits is not eating breakfast at all. Well, it’s about time to change that "bad" habit. Your new goal for the summer is — "to eat a healthy breakfast every morning before you leave the house."
•Write an action plan for achieving this goal. Be sure to include specific steps you will take, when and how often the steps are to be done, and how you will measure success. (7 points)
•List two family members or friends that can be part of your support system. Explain why you chose each person and what role each person will play. (3 points each)
•Give one idea for how your can reward yourself along the way. (2 points)

5.Interpersonal Communication
You are staying at a friend’s house, and your friend wants to sneak out of the house to go to a party down the street. You really do not want to do this and don’t want your friend to do this either. Too many things could go wrong. This is a good time to demonstrate your refusal skills.
•First, list the four essential components of effective refusal. (4 points)

•Then demonstrate how you would use the essential components to communicate your refusal to your friend. (8 points)

•Finally, list 3 possible consequences of sneaking out of the house and going to the party. (3 points)

6.Self-Management
•Explain the difference between a sprain and strain. (5 points)

•Explain the at home procedure for treating minor strains and sprains. (10 points)

7.Advocacy
You like to spend a lot of time at the park on the weekends — throwing Frisbees, hanging out with friends, walking the dog — but have noticed that there is an increase in the number of people smoking in the park, which makes your time there less enjoyable. Who wants to breathe in smoke? Yuk. You come outside to get fresh air, right? You and your friends decide that you would like to advocate for a smoke-free park.
•What are two activities you could do to raise awareness of the issue? (2 points each)

•Who would be the target audience of each activity? (2 points)

•What would your message be for each target audience? (3 points)

•Who else might be interested in helping you advocate for and achieve your goal of a smoke-free park? (1 point)

To conceal my identity, I have omitted some answers from this. I’m taking the same test. heheh. I expect you to add me for this.

1. Physical activity can increase your endurance (physical benefit) build healthy muscles and joints (physical benefit) reduce your risk of cardio vascular disease (physical benefit) makes you feel better about yourself (mental benefit. Yuck.) and reduce your risk for some cancers (physical benefit.)
2. An intentional injury is meant to happen and an unintentional injury is not. The rest of my answer for two is too priceless to have anyone give to anyone else.
3.Im workin on it.
4.Band wagon, plain people, testimonial, patriotism, and weasel word
5. Healthfinder.gov Health.nih.gov Family doctor.org Webmd.com
6.Who is running the website?
What is the purpose of the website?
Who is responsible for the websites content?
How current is the information?
How is the website funded?
7. I’m workin’ on it.
8. What is the problem?
What are the facts?
What are your options?
What are the pros and cons of each option?
What will you do?
9. I’m workin on it.
10. Say no Match your words to your tone Make gestures to emphasize your point Repeat as often as necessary
11. My answer is too priceless to hand it out.
12. See 11.
13.A sprain is a ligament problem and a strain is a muscle or tendon injury
14.Rest, ice, compress, and elevate.
All the rest, I haven’t done yet. I may or may not post them.

Related Blogs

can you check my grammers on my paper within a hour?

admin — Tue, 01 Jun 2010 18:17:26 +0000

One of the main causes for the current financial crisis and global recession are government has too much power over their markets. They adapted regulation and policies that government can manipulate the market and companies to made best interest for them. These radical government interferences repeatedly incur an economic difficulty by falling off countries. Many developing countries in Africa are the biggest victims that many third world innocent workers are suffering because of unnecessary trade restrictions. In Asia, several countries were implementing a free trade agreement between United States, which was very beneficial. It generated synergies on both countries’ economy as well as politically united. Free trade is the basic elements for economic growth and provides an improved standard living over all nations. Therefore, we should expand the free trade through the globalization with least government interference.
One of the basic barriers of the global free trade is the tariff. Government’s imposed tariff for importing goods are the certain percentage of overall national finance. And it is not very easy to give up those constantan money flows. However, high tariff cause a financial panic because it taper off the trade among nations. Current economic recession remind me of Great Depression 1929. It was the longest and widespread deep depression of the 20th century. The Great Depression had devastating effects in every country. One of the reasons held Great Depression to become so effective and quickly spread to virtually almost every country in the world was the international trade plunged by a half to two-thirds percentage. The reason was government imposed high tariff on imported goods coming into the country. According to the encyclopedia in U.S history, “The Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act of 1930 triggered a reaction overseas, with many countries establishing high tariff barriers. Subsequently, international trade drastically declined during the beginning of this decade of economic depression” (183). Government adapted such a legislation to halt all the imported goods in the name of protection for their own markets. This legislation was passing through the congress during that time.
Thereby, many export countries put high tariff on U.S products vice versa. As we can see above outcomes from the history, we need to prompt action on it rapidly. According to the noble prize winner Milton Friedman’s ‘Free to Choose’ and the well-known 18th century Scottish political economist Adam Smith’s ‘Wealth of Nations, informs us that free trade and globalization are the ultimate solution.
In the book, Free to Choose, Friedman provides embody of the free trade directive. This book has filled with full of well arguments and evidences show that how the markets and globalization have been played important role in world economic such as poverty and equal opportunities for underdevelopment countries. He said, “Free trade at home and abroad is the best way that a poor country can promote the well-being of it citizens” (39). He believed in an individual’s equal freedom made truly efficient free markets. Whenever government stretches their leg on market, often they took people’s privilege away which is the basic interest of a trade. Sellers can choose their markets and trade to make higher profit.
The coffee industry in Africa is the perfect example. In the film “Black Gold” which it represent coffee in nowadays, this movie stars in Ethiopia, the birthplace of coffee. In Ethiopia, more than 70 percentages of citizens are engaging in coffee farming. The coffee industry is worth over $80 billion and growing every year, which is the most valuable trading commodity in the world next oil. However, Ethiopia is still facing another famine, millions of farmers fast becoming bankrupt. The reason behind the product is the government restriction. The farmers, the actual producers neither sell their products whomever they want nor determine its price. There are more than six chains between farmers to meet consumers which are very unnecessary and farmers cannot do anything about this. These restrictions interrupted the communication between producers and consumers which are very important for interdependence and be faired to each others. According to Friedman, “in a free trade world…the terms at which any transaction takes place are agreed on by all the parties to that transaction. The transaction will not take place unless all parties believe they will benefit from it. As a result, the interests of the various parties are harmonized. Cooperation, not conflict, is the rule” (51). As Friedman emphasis the word ‘harmonized’, the main purpose of the free trade is be better off respectively.
Free trade is commonly leaded to the fair trade. According to the coffee industry statistics, “For every pound of coffee sold in the United States – which can vary from $2.68 for a 13-ounce can of Folgers to $8.49 for a one pound bag of Starbucks

wow, that’s long. Here’s what I recommend: Read over it very slowly and you’ll probably see quite a few of the errors and sentences that don’t make sense to a reader, like:

"These radical government interferences repeatedly incur an economic difficulty by falling off countries."

"world was the international trade plunged by a half to two-thirds percentage". (one half to two thirds of a percent is not that much, you mean it plunged by one-half to two thirds, or by 50-66 percent)

"this movie stars in Ethiopia,"

I think you can figure this out.

Help Please!! Health & Social Care?

admin — Sat, 22 May 2010 17:44:17 +0000

What is the importance of communication??

How is communication used in a care settting?? Examples of effective & non effective??

What are the barriers to communication?? How can they be overcome??

There are two kinds
Verbal..is one we are most aware of.
WORDS that are actually spoken
TONE such as shouting,whispering and high and low tones
PACE such as fast or slow
We also observe their behaviour to get an all round true picture, for example:-
When you ask a person if they are in pain they may say"no i am fine dear" these words alone suggest that they are comfortable but they were spoken with a slow, dull tone and they are resting their head in their hand and scowling.These added factors indicate to us that they arent fine at all.This clearly demonstrates that non-verbal communication actually gives more away than verbal communication.
NONE VERBAL
communication is vast in its use and content.It is not always necessary to speak to communicate.
Non-verbal communication involves components that create signals interpreted by others.
The components include
Facial expression
Posture
Body space
Gestures
Touch
Facial expression
The face has immense degrees of expression it is extemely difficult to actually speak without changing expression.Some messages,are sent by nodding or shaking the head,frowning or simply by using eye contact,mouth and eyebrow movements.The most powerful signal are said to be sent with the eyes.They are known as the "windows of the sole"and show clearly emotions including aggression,fear,concern and love,someones eyes can be very informative.

Good look with this i passed my nvq 2/3 in social care.

What cultural barriers exist?

admin — Wed, 28 Apr 2010 22:02:35 +0000

This is a homework assignment. I did the other three questions but this one has me stumped. I’m not looking for ways to resolve the problem, just reasons why the problem exists. Ideas?

You represent a big Canadian toy company that is negotiating to buy miniature truck wheels from a manufacturer in Tokyo, Japan. In your very first team meeting, you explain that your company expects to control the design of the wheels as well as the materials that are used to make them. The manufacturer’s representative looks down ands says softly, “Perhaps that will be difficult.” You press for agreement. To emphasize your willingness to buy, you show the prepared contract you have brought with you. However, the manufacturer seems increasingly vague and uninterested. What cultural differences may be interfering with Effective Communication in this situation? Explain several ideas here and be very specific.

Well I am not sure if this is what you are asking, but……Maybe the Canadian Toy Company has a higher standard of quality than the Japanese company. Maybe the Canadian company has concerns about paint being used on the toys and the lead content of the paint. Maybe the Canadian company requires the wheels of the toy to be safe so a child cannot swallow them, or so they cannot break. When the Japanese man looks down that would be a sign of shame, or that he is using body language to let the Canadian know he cannot do the job. Instead of the Canadian pushing the contract in his face, he might be better served asking the Japanese man what issues would be difficult so they could negotiate or compromise if possible to make the deal happen. The prepared contract says it is your terms and there is no room to negotiate or compromise, and that may be your standard, but it may not be possible for the Japanese company to pull of the deal with the terms of payment you are offering. It may be that they could do the deal with the paint and safety issues you require, but they may require more money to pull it off. There is no give and take here, it is just the terms of the Canadian company, take it or leave it.

Presentation Tips And Tricks For Business Communication

admin — Sat, 24 Apr 2010 15:32:10 +0000

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admin — Wed, 21 Apr 2010 15:31:16 +0000

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Ethical Situations in Counselling

admin — Sun, 18 Apr 2010 00:57:37 +0000

A prominent aspect of counsellor training involves the analysis of ethical situations. Counsellors need to be malleable to the variety of situations in which the client’s personality traits and environmental circumstances are prominent barriers to the relationship’s progress.

Codes of practice, ethical guidelines and counselling micro-skills play a role in supporting the counsellor’s decision-making process towards the relationship; however, client and situation uniqueness are not the exception in the therapeutic process – they reign supreme. Effective counselling invokes the ongoing need for adaptability and critical analysis.

In this context, three situations which frequently give rise to ethical dilemmas are dual relationships, mandatory reporting and informed consent. Are you aware of the particular conditions which delineate each of these situations, and how to act upon them? This article provides a snapshot of the topic, along with some strategies for practising and student counsellors who are likely to face similar situations throughout their careers.

Dual Relationships

Dual relationships can be defined as social interactions between counsellor and client, in addition to their professional (or therapeutic) relationship. Because the relationship was initiated in a therapeutic environment – which invokes behavioural restrictions and requires particular decorum from both entities – clients and counsellors are likely to face natural obstacles when developing relationships outside of the counselling room.

As Corsini (2000, p. 447) states: “It is often awkward for both the therapist and the client when interactions occur outside the psychotherapeutic relationship. Some relationships, such as those that include sexual or financial involvement, clearly violate the ethical codes of almost all professional organizations. Others, such as allowing a client to buy the therapist a cup of coffee after a chance meeting in a restaurant, appear to be quite harmless. Most decisions are not this straightforward, however, and deciding whether to accept a Christmas gift or flowers for the waiting room can become a vexing dilemma”.

The main question to be asked is how much influence particular social interactions can wield in the professional relationship – that is, the counsellor’s perspective towards the client, and vice-versa. Simple interactions, such as a chat on the street or even the cup of coffee cited by Corsini are likely to have little influence over both entities’ mindsets, thus it is generally not perceived as a challenging situation. But certain situations which induce emotional attachment can be damaging to counselling goals and/or outcomes.

Mental health professionals diverge in opinions when it comes to dual relationships. However, the vast majority of therapists agree that dual relationships should be avoided, arguing that transference and counter transference are powerful responses that will inevitably influence the therapeutic relationship. Along with most ethical dilemmas, it is largely a matter of each case: context, individual personality traits and nature of the counselling relationship.

According to Karen Kitchener (1988), the types of dual relationships which were most likely to be detrimental to a therapeutic relationship included the following aspects: “incompatibility of expectations between roles; diverging obligations associated with different roles, which increases potential for loss of objectivity and; increased power and prestige between professionals and consumers, which increases the potential for exploitation”.

To surpass difficulties with dual relationships, counsellors ought to ascertain clear and realistic boundaries around the professional relationship with their clients. Such boundaries need to consider the needs and characteristics of each client, and how that will reflect in the overall relationship. Codes of practice and guidelines are important to set these boundaries; however, professionals must be sensitive to particular needs in each relationship and apply such knowledge to improve decision-making in the counselling process.

Mandatory Reporting

Mandatory reporting, or duty to warn, is one of the most sensitive topics in therapy and mental health. The bare existence of this concept already conflicts with ethical principles of confidentiality, thus deciding to report a client is a paradoxical pattern of thinking for any such professional. Nevertheless, it is an extremely important issue.

It can be defined as the necessity to break client confidentiality in order to protect the client or the community as a whole, when the client imposes a threat to his/her own safety, the community’s safety or the framework of law to which the community abides by. When laws and values conflict, which side should you take? Most cases of information disclosure in therapy are for the benefit of the client, such as sharing information with colleagues or supervisors in order to obtain an alternative opinion or perspective. However, when it comes to mandatory reporting, best interest of the community or society are preceded over the client’s interests. Thus, the default answer to the previous question is in fact, the law.

Needless to say, counsellors should be flexible when making decisions regarding mandatory reporting. There are several law frameworks which govern countries, states and regions, and each of them has its own agenda in respect to mandatory reporting requirements. Additionally, a wide variety of codes of conduct are also likely to influence the decision-making process for therapists and mental health professionals.

A common basis for reporting a client is the imminence of danger for the individual (self harm) or others (e.g. an ex-partner). “Exceptional circumstances may arise which give the counsellor good grounds for believing that serious harm may occur to the client or to other people. In such circumstances the client’s consent to change in the agreement about confidentiality should be sought whenever possible unless there are also good grounds for believing the client is no longer willing or able to take responsibility for his/her actions. Normally, the decision to break confidentiality should be discussed with the client and should be made only after consultation with the counselling supervisor or if he/she is not available, an experienced counsellor.” (Australian Counselling Association – Code of Conduct)

Informed Consent

Informed consent involves the communication of any information which matters to the client and which is pertinent to the therapeutic relationship. A building aspect of the client-counsellor relationships is the development of trust and rapport. A premise for creating trust and rapport is good communication. Good communication, conversely, is based on honesty. Thus, informed consent is not only an ethical requirement for the counsellor, but also a condition to achieve the collective goals of the relationship.

“Clients are entitled to know about all matters that affect them. They deserve to know the likelihood of harm (physical or mental) that could result from treatment, the possibility of side effects, the probability of success for treatment, the limits of confidentiality, whether student counselors will be involved, and the likely duration and cost of treatment.” (Corsini, 2000)

An effective way to ensure clients are adequately informed is to produce a standard information disclosure statement: a contract which comprises the counsellor’s and clients’ responsibilities and rights. A well-defined statement will provide the client with valuable information about areas such as: confidentiality, record-keeping, counselling management, relationship boundaries, and more. It is also a measurement which improves the quality of the service provided as it creates a clear framework of conduct for clients which are not acquainted with the process of therapy.

“Counsellors are responsible for reaching agreement with their clients about the terms on which counselling is being offered, including availability, the degree of confidentiality offered, arrangements for the payment of any fees, cancelled appointments and other significant matters. The communication of essential terms and any negotiations should be concluded by having reached a clear agreement before the client incurs any commitment or liability of any kind.” (Australian Counselling Association – Code of Conduct)

Reference List:

Australian Counselling Association (2002). ACA Code of Conduct. (4th version). Brisbane: Author. Corsini, R., & Wedding, D. (2000). Current Psychotherapies. (6th Edition). Belmont: Brooks/Cole. pp. 445-453. Kitchener, K. S. (1988). Dual role relationships: What makes them so problematic? Journal of Counseling & Development, 67(4), pp. 217–221.

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Pedro Gondim
http://www.articlesbase.com/psychology-articles/ethical-situations-in-counselling-139886.html

Your Restaurant Can Do Business Online

admin — Fri, 16 Apr 2010 00:02:15 +0000

Restaurant owners are always looking to expand their customer base and sell more meals. Well, keep that thought train running because very soon now your restaurant will be able to do business online. How can this be possible, especially for fast food restaurants? It is simple and easy as well as cost effective to implement.

A company in the UK has developed a small portable printer that can be placed in your kitchen. This printer is called an SMS printer and receives and prints text messages sent by customers who order food online. The SMS printer operates on the same GSM network that cell phones use to convey text messages between users.

Because the printers operate on the wireless texting networks, neither an Internet connection nor a hard wired phone line is required. The SMS printer takes a standard SIM card like the ones used in all cell phones. These can be purchased in any cell phone store across the country. The charges are the same as any text message on your contract and yes, even PAYG (pay as you go) SIM cards may be used.

The printer is also portable and can be moved anywhere in the kitchen that is out of the way and is accessible to the staff. All you do is insert the SIM card, plug the unit into a wall power socket and you’re online! These small, light weight units use a thermal type of paper like that which is used in small calculators and some fax machines.

The system is simple.

A customer goes online and places an order for food from your restaurant. The order is typed in by the customer and is presented for corrections before it is sent. Any mistakes can be corrected right there. The customer then hits the “send” button.

This order is received by the kitchen in the form of a text message that prints on the SMS printer EXACTLY as the customer has entered it. No errors, no mistakes and no wasted food. Everybody wins here.

For customers, this means there is no more waiting in lines, calling a restaurant, waiting for an answer on the phone or delays with other orders ahead of yours. It is a faster transaction all the way around. The convenience factor is huge here and it WILL catch on like wildfire.

For restaurant owners, it means better tracking of food sales, better food cost figures and no wasted time with mistakes on orders. No handwriting errors, no misunderstandings and no communication barriers.

Not to mention that demographic information could be collected on the subscribers to the online ordering system, so you can track the ages, locations, and other information on your customers. Customers can order on any Internet capable unit, including desktop PCs and cell phones.

With all these benefits on both sides of the transaction, doing business online is the next big thing for restaurants. Utilizing cell phones with Internet capabilities in this way is going to expand the way restaurant owners reach their customers. In other words, the customer base is going to get larger.

Now is the time for your restaurant to start doing business online with the SMS printer system.

Oliver Lewis
http://www.articlesbase.com/business-articles/your-restaurant-can-do-business-online-734360.html

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